Publications

Journal Papers

  • A. Daniar, M. C. Gardner, R. Sajadi, and S. A. Khan, “Active Fault Current Mitigation with Multi-Phase Inverter and Windings for Resilience against Short-Circuit Faults between Adjacent Turns”, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., accepted for publication. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • S. Khalesidoost, S. V. Sankarraman, and M. C. Gardner, “Placement of Hall Effect Sensors in Permanent Magnet Motors Featuring Quasi-Halbach Array Configuration to Detect the Rotor Position Using Orthogonal Flux”, IEEE Trans. Magn., accepted for publication. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • A. Daniar, S. A. Khan, and M. C. Gardner, “An Outer Rotor Surface PM Motor with Integrated Chokes for Fault-Tolerant Operation in the Presence of Short-Circuit Faults between Adjacent Turns”, IEEE Trans. Transport. Electrific., accepted for publication. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • D. Talebi, C. Wiley, S. V. Sankarraman, M. C. Gardner, and M. Benedict, “Design of a Carbon Fiber Rotor in a Dual Rotor Axial Flux Motor for Electric Aircraft”, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 60, no. 5, pp. 6846-6855, Sep.-Oct. 2024. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • G. Tao, B. Praslicka, S. Hasanpour, T. Simms, Z. Wibisono, M. C. Gardner, M. Johnson, E. Hankins, M. McCall, A. Roussie, S. Ortiz, W. Thiele, and H. A. Toliyat, “Experimental Comparison of Acoustic Characteristics for a High-Efficiency Magnetic Gearbox and a Mechanical Planetary Gearbox for Industrial HVAC Applications”, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 182-190, Mar. 2024. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • F. Zare, F. Tootoonchian, A. Daniar, M. C. Gardner, and B. Akin, “Magnetic Equivalent Circuit Model for Performance Prediction of Two-DOF Planar Resolver”, IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 102207-102216, 2023. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. S. KhajueeZadeh, M. Emadaleslami, F. Tootoonchian, A. Daniar, M. C. Gardner, and B. Akin, “Comprehensive Investigation of the Resolver’s Eccentricity Effect on the Field-oriented Control of PMSM,” IEEE Sensors J., vol. 23, no. 17, pp. 19145-19152, Sep. 2023. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • A. Daniar, S. A. Khan, and M. C. Gardner, “A Passive Inter Turn Short Circuit Fault Mitigation Technique for Electric Machines,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 2434-2443, Dec. 2023. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • S. M. Seyedi, M. C. Gardner, M. Johnson, S. Hasanpour, B. Praslicka, and H. A. Toliyat, “A cycloidal magnetic gear with a novel flux shield (“moon”) achieving higher torque density and lower unbalanced electromagnetic forces,” J. Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol. 571, Apr. 2023. (ScienceDirect)
  • D. Talebi, M. C. Gardner, S. V. Sankarraman, A. Daniar, and H. A. Toliyat, “Electromagnetic Design Characterization of a Dual Rotor Axial Flux Motor for Electric Aircraft,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 7088-7098, Nov.-Dec. 2022. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • G. Duan, T. Gupta, E. Sutton, M. Wang, M. C. Gardner, S. A. Khan, and B. Praslicka, “Cycloidal Magnetic Gear Combining Axial and Radial Topologies,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 2130-2137, Sep. 2022. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • S. Hasanpour, M. Johnson, M. C. Gardner, and H. A. Toliyat, “Cycloidal Reluctance Magnetic Gears for High Gear Ratio Applications,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 1-10, Jun. 2022. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. Johnson, M. C. Gardner, and H. A. Toliyat, “A Parameterized Linear 3D Magnetic Equivalent Circuit for Analysis and Design of Radial Flux Magnetic Gears–Part I: Implementation,” IEEE. Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 2894-2902, Dec. 2021. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. Johnson, M. C. Gardner, and H. A. Toliyat, “A Parameterized Linear 3D Magnetic Equivalent Circuit for Analysis and Design of Radial Flux Magnetic Gears–Part II: Evaluation,” IEEE. Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 2903-2911, Dec. 2021. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. C. Gardner, B. Praslicka, M. Johnson, and H. A. Toliyat, “Optimization of Coaxial Magnetic Gear Design and Magnet Material Grade at Different Temperatures and Gear Ratios,” IEEE. Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 2493-2501, Sep. 2021. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • B. Praslicka, M. C. Gardner, M. Johnson, and H. A. Toliyat, “Review and Analysis of Coaxial Magnetic Gear Pole Pair Count Selection Effects,” IEEE Trans. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 1813-1822, Apr. 2022. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. C. Gardner, M. Johnson, and H. A. Toliyat, “Analysis of High Gear Ratio Capabilities for Single-Stage, Series Multistage, and Compound Differential Coaxial Magnetic Gears,” IEEE. Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 665-672, Jun. 2019. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • A. K. Morya, M. C. Gardner, B. Anvari, L. Liu, A. G. Yepes, J. Doval-Gandoy, and H. A. Toliyat, “Wide Bandgap Devices in AC Electric Drives: Opportunities and Challenges,” IEEE Trans. Transport. Electrific., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 3-20, Mar. 2019. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. C. Gardner, M. Johnson, and H. A. Toliyat, “Comparison of Surface Permanent Magnet Axial and Radial Flux Coaxial Magnetic Gears,” IEEE. Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 2250-2259, Dec. 2018. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. Johnson, M. C. Gardner, H. A. Toliyat, S. Englebretson, W. Ouyang, and C. Tschida, “Design, Construction, and Analysis of a Large Scale Inner Stator Radial Flux Magnetically Geared Generator for Wave Energy Conversion,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 3304 – 3314, Jul.-Aug. 2018. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. C. Gardner, B. E. Jack, M. Johnson, and H. A. Toliyat, “Comparison of Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet Coaxial Radial Flux Magnetic Gears Independently Optimized for Volume, Cost, and Mass,” IEEE. Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 2237-2245, May-Jun. 2018. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. Johnson, M. C. Gardner, and H. A. Toliyat, “A Parameterized Linear Magnetic Equivalent Circuit for Analysis and Design of Radial Flux Magnetic Gears – Part I: Implementation,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 784-791, Jun. 2018. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. Johnson, M. C. Gardner, and H. A. Toliyat, “A Parameterized Linear Magnetic Equivalent Circuit for Analysis and Design of Radial Flux Magnetic Gears – Part II: Evaluation,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 792-800, Jun. 2018. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. Johnson, M. C. Gardner, and H. A. Toliyat, “Design Comparison of NdFeB and Ferrite Radial Flux Surface Permanent Magnet Coaxial Magnetic Gears,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 1254-1263, Mar.-Apr. 2018. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. Johnson, M. C. Gardner, and H. A. Toliyat, “Design and Analysis of an Axial Flux Magnetically Geared Generator,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 53, no. 1, pp 97-105, Jan.-Feb. 2017. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)

Conference Papers

  • S. V. Sankarraman, S. Khalesidoost, D. Talebi, S. M. Seyedi, and M. C. Gardner, “Scaling an Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Motor for Different Electrified Aviation Applications” in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. Expo, 2023, pp. 1787-1793. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • D. Talebi, S. V. Sankarraman, S. M. Seyedi, S. Khalesidoost, N. A Martin, M. C Gardner, and H. A Toliyat, “Efficient Design and Material Strategies for High Power Density Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Motors” in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. Expo, 2023, pp. 3767-3774. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • S. Hasanpour, M. C. Gardner, M. Johnson and H. A. Toliyat, “Optimization and Comparison of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors with Mechanically and Magnetically Coupled Magnetic Gears at Different Gear Ratios for Helicopter Applications” in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. Expo, 2023, pp. 4588-4595. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • S. A. Khan and M. C. Gardner, “Development and Analysis of a Homopolar Consequent Pole Transverse Flux Magnetic Gear”, in Proc. IEEE Int. Elect. Mach. and Drives Conf., 2023, pp. 1-7. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • S. Sankarraman, A. Daniar, and M. C. Gardner, “Torque Production in Triply-Excited Magnetic Gears”, in Proc. IEEE Int. Elect. Mach. and Drives Conf., 2023, pp. 1-7. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • S. Hasanpour, M. Johnson, M. C. Gardner, B. Praslicka, A. Goodarzi, and H. A. Toliyat, “Construction of Radial Flux Cycloidal Magnetic Gears with Reduced Permanent Magnet Piece Count Using Consequent Poles”, in Proc. IEEE Int. Elect. Mach. and Drives Conf., 2023, pp. 1-5. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • S. A. Khan, M. C. Gardner, and G. Duan, “Flux Angle Mapping Coaxial Magnetic Gears for High Gear Ratios”, in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. Expo, 2022, pp. 1-6. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • S. A. Khan, G. Duan, and M. C. Gardner, “Comparison of Modulator Retention Shapes for Radial Flux Coaxial Magnetic Gears”, in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. Expo, 2022, pp. 1-7. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • C. Wiley, D. Talebi, S. Sankarraman, M. C. Gardner, and M. Benedict, “Design of a Carbon Fiber Rotor in a Dual Rotor Axial Flux Motor for Electric Aircraft”, in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. Expo, 2022, pp. 1-8. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • D. Talebi, M. C. Gardner, S. Sheshaprasad, H. A. Toliyat, P. Knauer, and A. D. Crapo, “Design of an Extremely Efficient, Rare-Earth Free, 5 kW Motor in a NEMA 210 Frame”, in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. Expo, 2022, pp. 1-6. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • S. Sheshaprasad, F. Naghavi, S. Hasanpour, M. Albader, M. C. Gardner, H.-Y. Kang, and H. A. Toliyat, “Optimal Electric Power Take-off Strategy for Surface Riding Wave Energy Converter,” in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. Expo, 2022, pp. 1-7. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • D. Talebi, M. C. Gardner, S. M. Seyedi, and H. A. Toliyat, “An Asynchronously Excited Brushless Wound Field Synchronous Machine”, in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Elect. Mach., 2022, pp. 2107-2113. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. Johnson, S. Hasanpour, M. C. Gardner, and H. A. Toliyat, “Analysis and Benchmarking of Radial Flux Cycloidal Magnetic Gears with Reduced Permanent Magnet Piece Count Using Consequent Poles”, in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. Expo, 2021, pp. 4334-4341. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • F. Naghavi, S. Sheshaprasad, M. C. Gardner, A. Meduri, H. Y. Kang, and H. A. Toliyat, “Permanent Magnet Linear Generator Design for Surface Riding Wave Energy Converters”, in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. Expo, 2021, pp. 4369-4375. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • A. Daniar and M. C. Gardner, “Investigation of a Multiphase Winding Arrangement for Mitigating Short-Circuit Fault Currents”, in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Diagnostics for Elec. Mach. Power Electronics and Drives, 2021, pp. 113-118. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore) *Prize Paper Award
  • S. Hasanpour, S. Sheshaprasad, M. C. Gardner, M. Johnson, B. Praslicka, and H. A. Toliyat, “Design and Control of a Fault Tolerant Permanent Magnet Motor with Independently Optimized Phase and Pole Counts”, in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Diagnostics for Elec. Mach. Power Electronics and Drives, 2021, pp. 58-64. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • B. Praslicka, M. Johnson, D. Zamarron, A. Marshall, S. Hasanpour, M. C. Gardner, A. Nguyen, A. Goodarzi, E. Bauk, and H. A. Toliyat, “Practical Analysis and Design of a 50:1 Cycloidal Magnetic Gear with Balanced Off-Axis Moments and a High Specific Torque for Lunar Robots” in Proc. IEEE Int. Elect. Mach. and Drives Conf., 2021, pp. 1-8. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • D. Talebi, M. C. Gardner, S. V. Sankarraman, A. Daniar, and H. A. Toliyat, “Electromagnetic Design Characterization of a Dual Rotor Axial Flux Motor for Electric Aircraft,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Elect. Mach. and Drives Conf., 2021, pp. 1-8. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • S. Hasanpour, M. C. Gardner, M. Johnson, and H. A. Toliyat, “Comparison of Reluctance and Surface Permanent Magnet Coaxial Magnetic Gears,” in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. and Expo, 2020, pp. 307-314. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • B. Praslicka, M. Johnson, M. C. Gardner, E. Dangtran and H. A. Toliyat, “Effects of Axial Flux Magnetic Gear Misalignment,” in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. and Expo, 2020, pp 293-300. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. C. Gardner, M. Johnson, and H. A. Toliyat, “Performance Impacts of Practical Fabrication Tradeoffs for a Radial Flux Coaxial Magnetic Gear with Halbach Arrays and Air Cores,” in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. and Expo, 2019, pp. 3129-3136. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. C. Gardner, Y. Zhang, D. Talebi, H. A. Toliyat, A. Crapo, P. Knauer, and H. Willis, “Loss Breakdown of a Dual Conical Rotor Permanent Magnet Motor using Grain Oriented Electrical Steel and Soft Magnetic Composites,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Elect. Mach. and Drives Conf., 2019, pp 1067-1074. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. C. Gardner and H. A. Toliyat, “Nonlinear Analysis of Magnetic Gear Dynamics Using Superposition and Conservation of Energy,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Elect. Mach. and Drives Conf., 2019, pp 210-217. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. C. Gardner, M. Johnson, and H. A. Toliyat, “Comparison of Surface Permanent Magnet Coaxial and Cycloidal Radial Flux Magnetic Gears,” in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. and Expo, 2018, pp. 5005-5012. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. C. Gardner, D. A. Janak, and H. A. Toliyat, “A Parameterized Linear Magnetic Equivalent Circuit for Air Core Radial Flux Coaxial Magnetic Gears with Halbach Arrays,” in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. and Expo, 2018, pp. 2351-2358. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. Johnson, M. C. Gardner, H. A. Toliyat, S. Englebretson, W. Ouyang, and C. Tschida, “Design, Construction, and Analysis of a Large Scale Inner Stator Radial Flux Magnetically Geared Generator for Wave Energy Conversion,” in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. and Expo, 2017, pp. 5017-5024. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. C. Gardner, B. E. Jack, M. Johnson, and H. A. Toliyat, “Comparison of Coaxial Radial Flux Magnetic Gears Independently Optimized for Volume, Cost, and Mass,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Elect. Mach. and Drives Conf., 2017, pp. 1-8. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • A. Morya, M. Moosavi, M. C. Gardner, and H. A. Toliyat, “Applications of Wide Bandgap (WBG) Devices in AC Electric Drives: A Technology Status Review,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Elect. Mach. and Drives Conf., 2017, pp. 1-8. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. Johnson, M. C. Gardner, and H. A. Toliyat, “Design Comparison of NdFeB and Ferrite Radial Flux Magnetic Gears,” in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. and Expo., 2016, pp. 1-8. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)
  • M. Johnson, M. C. Gardner, and H. A. Toliyat, “Design and Analysis of an Axial Flux Magnetically Geared Generator,” in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. and Expo., 2015, pp. 6511-6518. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore) *Prize Paper Award
  • M. Johnson, M. C. Gardner, and H. A. Toliyat, “Analysis of Axial Field Magnetic Gears with Halbach Arrays,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Elect. Mach. and Drives Conf., 2015, pp 108-114. (pdf) (IEEE Xplore)

Patents

  • US Patent: Method and apparatus for compact axial flux magnetically geared machines, H. A. Toliyat, M. Johnson, M. C. Gardner, US10,476,349, Nov. 11, 2019.
  • US Patent: Method and System for Brushless Wound Field Synchronous Machines, H. A. Toliyat, M. C. Gardner, D. Talebi, US11,476,786, Oct. 18, 2022.

Books and Chapters

  • Chapter: H. A. Toliyat, M. Johnson, M. C. Gardner, “Magnetic Gears and Magnetically Geared Machines: An Alternative Compact and Reliable Solution for High-Torque, Low-Speed Systems”, in Compendium on Electromagnetic Analysis, vol. 2: World Scientific, 2020.

Webinar

  • H. A. Toliyat, M. C. Gardner, and M. Johnson, “Motivation for magnetic gears and magnetically geared machines,” Nov. 1, 2017.

Tutorial

  • H. A. Toliyat, M. Johnson, and M. C. Gardner, “Non-Contact Magnetic Gears and Magnetically Geared Machines: Operating Principles, Design Considerations, and Applications”, IEMDC 2021.