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Wu, X., A. T. Wittenberg, and F. Zeng, 2025: Understanding and improving ENSO simulation via mean-state bias corrections, in preparation.
Submitted or under review:
Yeager, S. G., Y. Li, X. Wu, G. A. Meehl, N. A. Rosenbloom, A. A. Glanville, J. H. Richter, L. Van Roekel, and W. Hannah, 2025: Efficient drift correction of initialized Earth system predictions, J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst., under review.
Wu, X., A. T. Wittenberg, F. Zeng, B. G. Reichl, and F. Lu, 2025: Pinpointing sources of equatorial Pacific climatological SST biases in a coupled GCM via surface flux adjustments, J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst., in revision. [preprint link]
Published or accepted:
2025
14. Lawman, A., C. Sun, X. Wu, T. Sun, N. Piatrunia, K. Gomez, M. Kageyama, U. Merkel, M. Prange, B. Otto-Bliesner, X. Zhang, P. DiNezio, and T. Shanahan, 2025: Mechanisms driving the global tropical response to a weakened AMOC during Heinrich Stadial 1, Quat. Sci. Rev., 369, 109567, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109567.
13. DiNezio, P. N., T. Shanahan, T. Sun, C. Sun, X. Wu, A. Lawman, D. Lea, M. Kageyama, U. Merkel, M. Prange, B. Otto-Bliesner, and X. Zhang, 2025: Tropical response to ocean circulation slowdown raises future drought risk, Nature, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09319-x.
12. Miao, J., X. Wu, D. Jiang, X. Song, T. Wang, and X. Xu, 2025: Revisiting unstable ENSO teleconnections from a global perspective, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 130, e2025JD043757, https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JD043757.
2024
11. Wu, X., S. G. Yeager, C. Deser, A. Capotondi, A. T. Wittenberg, and M. J. McPhaden, 2024: Predictability of tropical Pacific decadal variability is dominated by oceanic Rossby waves, npj Clim. Atmos. Sci., 7, 292, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00851-7.
10. Bilbao, R., P. Ortega, D. Swingedouw, L. Hermanson, P. Athanasiadis, R. Eade, M. Devilliers, F. Doblas-Reyes, N. Dunstone, A.-C. Ho, W. Merryfield, J. Mignot, D. Nicolì, M. Samsó, R. Sospedra-Alfonso, X. Wu, and S. Yeager, 2024: Impact of volcanic eruptions on CMIP6 decadal predictions: A multi-model analysis, Earth Syst. Dynam., 15, 501–525, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-501-2024.
2023
9. Wu, X., 2023: Long La Niña events could rise in frequency as the planet warms, Nature, 619, 702–703, https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-02331-z. (Invited commentary, not peer-reviewed). Open access via SharedIt: https://rdcu.be/dhVIX.
8. Wu, X., S. G. Yeager, C. Deser, N. Rosenbloom, and G. A. Meehl, 2023: Volcanic forcing degrades multiyear-to-decadal prediction skill in the tropical Pacific, Sci. Adv., 9, eadd9364, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add9364.
7. Maher, N., R. C. J. Wills, P. N. DiNezio, J. Klavans, S. Milinski, S. C. Sanchez, S. Stevenson, M. F. Stuecker, and X. Wu, 2023: The future of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation: Using large ensembles to illuminate time-varying responses and inter-model differences, Earth Syst. Dynam., 14, 413–431, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-14-413-2023.
2022
6. Yeager, S. G., N. Rosenbloom, A. A. Glanville, X. Wu, I. Simpson, H. Li, M. J. Molina, K. Krumhardt, S. Mogen, K. Lindsay, D. Lombardozzi, W. Wieder, W. M. Kim, J. H. Richter, M. Long, G. Danabasoglu, D. Bailey, M. Holland, N. Lovenduski, W. G. Strand, and T. King, 2022: The Seasonal-to-Multiyear Large Ensemble (SMYLE) prediction system using the Community Earth System Model Version 2, Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 6451–6493, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-6451-2022.
5. Wu, X., Y. M. Okumura, P. N. DiNezio, S. G. Yeager, and C. Deser, 2022: The equatorial Pacific cold tongue bias in CESM1 and its influence on ENSO forecasts, J. Climate, 35, 3261–3277, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0470.1.
2021 and earlier
4. Wu, X., Y. M. Okumura, C. Deser, and P. N. DiNezio, 2021: Two-year dynamical predictions of ENSO event duration during 1954–2015, J. Climate, 34, 4069–4087, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0619.1.
3. Wu, X., Y. M. Okumura, and P. N. DiNezio, 2021: Predictability of El Niño duration based on onset timing, J. Climate, 34, 1351–1366, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0963.1.
2. Wu, X., Y. M. Okumura, and P. N. DiNezio, 2019: What controls the duration of El Niño and La Niña events?, J. Climate, 32, 5941–5965, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0681.1.
1. Okumura, Y. M., T. Sun, and X. Wu, 2017: Asymmetric modulation of El Niño and La Niña and the linkage to tropical Pacific decadal variability, J. Climate, 30, 4705–4733, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0680.1.